When should government intervene in market activity and when is it best to let market forces take their natural course? How does the existing empirical evidence about government performance guide our answers to these questions? In this clear, concise book, Clifford Winston offers his innovative analysis—shaped by thirty years of evidence—to assess the efficacy of government interventions. Markets fail when it is possible to make one person better off without making someone else worse off, thus indicating inefficiency. Governments fail when an intervention is unwarranted because markets are performing well or when the intervention fails to correct a market problem efficiently. Winston concludes from existing research that the cost of government failure may actually be considerably greater than the cost of market failure: "My search of the evidence is not limited to policy failures. I will report success stories, but few of them emerged from my search." The prevalence of market failure is due to a lack of conviction in favor of markets, the inflexibility of intervening government agencies, and political forces that enable certain interest groups to benefit at the expense of society as a whole. Winston suggests that government policy can be improved by making greater use of market-oriented solutions that have already produced benefits in certain situations.
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Clifford Winston is a senior fellow in Economic Studies at the Brookings Institution. Among his previous books are Deregulation of Network Industries: What's Next? coedited with Sam Peltzman (AEI-Brookings, 2000), and Alternate Route: Toward Efficient Urban Transportation, cowritten with Chad Shirley (Brookings, 1998).
"This authoritative and readable
monograph provides much-needed balance in the implicit debate between those who hold that
the public interest requires extensive government economic intervention and the position
that free markets automatically solve all problems. Legislators and economists have focused
on needs for intervention, but Winston shows that it sometimes does more harm than good, and
its favored methods can be fonts of inefficiency." -William J. Baumol, Berkley Center for
Entrepreneurial Studies, NYU
"Can government policies be made more
effective? In Government Failure versus Market Failure,
Clifford Winston provides a comprehensive analysis of a substantial range of government
programs that could deliver more benefits at no greater cost if they were grounded in
fundamental economic principles. Winston's superbly crafted critique cuts a broad swath
through the entire range of Federal programs, with particular emphasis on how transportation
policies and regulatory efforts should be overhauled. This should be required reading for
all students and practitioners in the domestic policy field." -W. Kip Viscusi, Vanderbilt
University
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